ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

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• Novel adoptive cell transfer method shortens timeline for T-cell manufacture
• To survive asteroid impact, algae learned to hunt
• Water on ancient Mars
• New study reveals United States a top source of plastic pollution in coastal environments
• Coronavirus mutation may have made it more contagious
• Asteroid's scars tell stories of its past
• Study finds faster, wider spread of COVID-19 in US households
• A new spin on atoms gives scientists a closer look at quantum weirdness
• New cause of inflammation in people with HIV identified
• 'Green' method for making pharmaceutical intermediates
• AI teachers must be effective and communicate well to be accepted
• Future lake food webs in Subarctic have more biomass and contain more omega-3 fatty acids
• Infection by confection: COVID-19 and the risk of trick-or-treating
• Dynamic photonic barcodes record energy transfer at the biointerface
• New synthetic DNA vaccine against Powassan virus
• Healthcare app reduces symptoms of COPD compared to regular treatment
• Aspirin use best for those with high coronary calcium, low risk of bleeding
• Expect more mega-droughts
• Clinical trial indicates monoclonal antibody lowered hospitalizations and emergency visits
• Waste not, want not: Recycled water proves fruitful for greenhouse tomatoes
• Mothers pass on allergies to offspring
• A new way to create a spectrum of natural-looking hair colors
• Most isolated massive stars are kicked out of their clusters
• New fault zone measurements could help us to understand subduction earthquakes
• Compression garments reduce strength loss after training
• A world record in detecting extremely low levels of gas impurities
• Organization of organisms: Better understanding of biological processes
• Malaria parasites adapt to survive the dry season
• Beetroot peptide as potential drug candidate for treating diseases
• Difficult to build a family after exposure to chemical weapons
• Catalysts for isotactic polar polypropylenes
• Parasitology: Bringing the locals onboard
• Radical changes in ecosystems
• Researchers devise new method to get the lead out
• NASA's OSIRIS-REx successfully stows sample of asteroid Bennu
• Flash graphene rocks strategy for plastic waste
• Carbon-releasing 'zombie fires' in peatlands could be dampened by new findings
• Evolution of consumption: A psychological ownership framework
• High rate of symptomless COVID-19 infection among grocery store workers
• Myocarditis linked to COVID-19 not as common as believed, study shows
• Models show how COVID-19 cuts a neighborhood path
• Water fleas on 'happy pills' have more offspring
• Face mask aims to deactivate virus to protect others
• Is the COVID-19 pandemic affecting dengue virus case numbers?
• Early results from DETECT study suggest fitness trackers can predict COVID-19 infections

Novel adoptive cell transfer method shortens timeline for T-cell manufacture Posted: 30 Oct 2020 11:48 AM PDT Researchers find a new way to generate T-cells faster, making immediate treatment with this therapy possible.

To survive asteroid impact, algae learned to hunt Posted: 30 Oct 2020 11:21 AM PDT Tiny, seemingly harmless ocean plants survived the darkness of the asteroid strike that killed the dinosaurs by learning a ghoulish behavior -- eating other living creatures.

Water on ancient Mars Posted: 30 Oct 2020 11:21 AM PDT A meteorite that originated on Mars billions of years ago reveals details of ancient impact events on the red planet. Certain minerals from the Martian crust in the meteorite are oxidized, suggesting the presence of water during the impact that created the meteorite. The finding helps to fill some gaps in knowledge about the role of water in planet formation.

New study reveals United States a top source of plastic pollution in coastal environments Posted: 30 Oct 2020 11:21 AM PDT The United States ranks as high as third among countries contributing to coastal plastic pollution when taking into account its scrap plastic exports as well as the latest figures on illegal dumping and littering in the country.

Coronavirus mutation may have made it more contagious Posted: 30 Oct 2020 11:21 AM PDT A study involving more than 5,000 COVID-19 patients in Houston finds that the virus that causes the disease is accumulating genetic mutations, one of which may have made it more contagious. This mirrors a study published in July that found that around the world, viral strains with the same genetic mutation quickly outcompeted other strains.

Asteroid's scars tell stories of its past Posted: 30 Oct 2020 11:21 AM PDT Asteroid Bennu only recently migrated into Earth's neighborhood, according to a detailed analysis of impact marks on boulders on its surface. The report provides a new benchmark for understanding the evolution of asteroids and offers insights into space debris hazardous to spacecraft.

Study finds faster, wider spread of COVID-19 in US households Posted: 30 Oct 2020 10:28 AM PDT COVID-19 spreads faster and more widely throughout US households than previously reported, according to new preliminary research from a multicenter study.

A new spin on atoms gives scientists a closer look at quantum weirdness Posted: 30 Oct 2020 10:28 AM PDT A team of researchers has developed a new way to control and measure atoms that are so close together no optical lens can distinguish them.

New cause of inflammation in people with HIV identified Posted: 30 Oct 2020 09:25 AM PDT A new study examined what factors could be contributing to inflammation, and they identified the inability to control HIV RNA production from existing HIV DNA as a potential key driver of inflammation.

'Green' method for making pharmaceutical intermediates Posted: 30 Oct 2020 09:25 AM PDT Scientists develop cHAT to simplify the reduction of alkenes to more useful intermediate molecules for drugs and other useful chemical compounds.

AI teachers must be effective and communicate well to be accepted Posted: 30 Oct 2020 09:25 AM PDT The increase in online education has allowed a new type of teacher to emerge -- an artificial one. But just how accepting students are of an artificial instructor remains to be seen. That's why researchers are working to examine student perceptions of artificial intelligence-based teachers.

Future lake food webs in Subarctic have more biomass and contain more omega-3 fatty acids Posted: 30 Oct 2020 09:25 AM PDT Subarctic regions are facing rapid changes in climate and land-use intensity. An international research team recently completed an investigation to see how these changes are affecting the food webs and fish communities of lakes in northern Finland. Biomasses and omega-3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA, were determined from the algal producers at the base of food web to large carnivorous fish from 20 lakes along a pronounced climatic and productivity gradient.

Infection by confection: COVID-19 and the risk of trick-or-treating Posted: 30 Oct 2020 09:25 AM PDT Researchers determined that COVID-19 transmission risk via Halloween candies is low, even when they are handled by infected people, but handwashing and disinfecting collected sweets reduces risk even further.

Dynamic photonic barcodes record energy transfer at the biointerface Posted: 30 Oct 2020 09:25 AM PDT A team recently developed bioresponsive dynamic barcodes, introducing the concept of resonance energy transfer at the interface of the microcavity.

New synthetic DNA vaccine against Powassan virus Posted: 30 Oct 2020 09:25 AM PDT Scientists have designed and tested the first-of-its-kind synthetic DNA vaccine against Powassan virus (POWV), targeting portions of the virus envelope protein.

Healthcare app reduces symptoms of COPD compared to regular treatment Posted: 30 Oct 2020 09:25 AM PDT A new healthcare app that helps people with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) manage their condition can speed up recovery after hospital admission and reduce flare-ups of symptoms, a newly published study has shown.

Aspirin use best for those with high coronary calcium, low risk of bleeding Posted: 30 Oct 2020 08:18 AM PDT An X-ray test commonly used to assess hardening of the arteries could help doctors decide whether the benefits of taking aspirin to prevent a first heart attack or stroke outweigh the risks of bleeding from its use, research suggests.

Expect more mega-droughts Posted: 30 Oct 2020 08:18 AM PDT Mega-droughts - droughts that last two decades or longer - are tipped to increase thanks to climate change, according to new research.

Clinical trial indicates monoclonal antibody lowered hospitalizations and emergency visits Posted: 30 Oct 2020 08:18 AM PDT COVID-19 (coronavirus) patients who were administered a novel antibody had fewer symptoms and were less likely to require hospitalization or emergency medical care than those who did not receive the antibody, according to a new study.

Waste not, want not: Recycled water proves fruitful for greenhouse tomatoes Posted: 30 Oct 2020 08:18 AM PDT In the driest state in the driest continent in the world, South Australian farmers are acutely aware of the impact of water shortages and drought. So, when it comes to irrigation, knowing which method works best is vital for sustainable crop development.

Mothers pass on allergies to offspring Posted: 30 Oct 2020 08:18 AM PDT Maternal antibodies primed to react to specific allergens can cross the placenta, passing on transiently allergic reactions to offspring, according to new preclinical research. The finding hints at why infants exhibit allergies so early in life and suggests possible targets for intervention.

A new way to create a spectrum of natural-looking hair colors Posted: 30 Oct 2020 08:18 AM PDT Northwestern University researchers have developed a new way to create a spectrum of natural-looking hair colors, ranging from blond to black, by using enzymes to catalyze synthetic melanin.

Most isolated massive stars are kicked out of their clusters Posted: 30 Oct 2020 08:18 AM PDT New studies reveals how some massive stars -- stars eight or more times the mass of our sun -- become isolated in the universe: most often, their star clusters kick them out.

New fault zone measurements could help us to understand subduction earthquakes Posted: 30 Oct 2020 08:18 AM PDT Researchers have conducted detailed structural analyses of a fault zone in central Japan to identify the specific conditions that lead to devastating earthquake. The seismic slip processes that were inferred based on the measurements may be applicable to other subduction zones, such as those below the oceans. The gathered data could be applied in future attempts to describe or model the subduction earthquakes that lead to ground shaking and tsunami risk.

Compression garments reduce strength loss after training Posted: 30 Oct 2020 08:18 AM PDT Regular training enhances your strength, but recovery is equally important. Elastic bandages and compression garments are widely used in sports to facilitate recovery and prevent injuries. Now, a research team has determined that compression garments also reduce strength loss after strenuous exercise.

A world record in detecting extremely low levels of gas impurities Posted: 30 Oct 2020 08:18 AM PDT Photoacoustic spectroscopy applied to background-free analyses was used to measure unprecedentedly small trace gas concentrations. Researchers developed detection methods that make it possible to measure extremely small traces of various gases.

Organization of organisms: Better understanding of biological processes Posted: 30 Oct 2020 08:18 AM PDT A new model that describes the organization of organisms could lead to a better understanding of biological processes.

Malaria parasites adapt to survive the dry season Posted: 30 Oct 2020 08:18 AM PDT The main parasite that causes malaria can alter its gene expression to survive undetected in the human blood stream, new research has shown.

Beetroot peptide as potential drug candidate for treating diseases Posted: 30 Oct 2020 08:18 AM PDT Medical researchers isolated a peptide (small protein molecule) from beetroot. The peptide is able to inhibit a particular enzyme that is responsible for the breakdown of messenger molecules in the body. Due to its particularly stable molecular structure and pharmacological properties, the beetroot peptide may be a good candidate for development of a drug to treat certain inflammatory diseases, such as e.g. neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases.

Difficult to build a family after exposure to chemical weapons Posted: 30 Oct 2020 08:18 AM PDT People who have been exposed to chemical warfare agents (CWAs) feel uncertain, decades after the exposure, about their survival and ability to build a family, a new study shows. Women are more severely affected than men.

Catalysts for isotactic polar polypropylenes Posted: 30 Oct 2020 08:18 AM PDT Polypropylene (PP) is one of the most widely used plastics in the world. By controlling the spatial orientation of the propylene building blocks and additional polar components, it should be possible to create a new generation of attractive, engineered, specialty plastics, with improved wettability or enhanced degradability, based on PP. Scientists have now introduced the basis for a new class of palladium catalysts for such polymerizations.

Parasitology: Bringing the locals onboard Posted: 30 Oct 2020 08:18 AM PDT A new study examines local perceptions of Chagas disease in a region where the infectious agent is endemic. The results underline the need to take social and cultural factors into account in campaigns designed to curb infectious diseases.

Radical changes in ecosystems Posted: 30 Oct 2020 08:17 AM PDT Earth and all the living organisms on it are constantly changing. But is there any way we can detect if these changes are occurring at an abnormal rate? Scientists have now developed a method of detecting such developments and tracking how new ecosystems are formed.

Researchers devise new method to get the lead out Posted: 30 Oct 2020 08:17 AM PDT Researchers have devised a simple, quick and inexpensive way to quantify how much lead is trapped by a water filter.

NASA's OSIRIS-REx successfully stows sample of asteroid Bennu Posted: 30 Oct 2020 06:44 AM PDT NASA's Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, Security, Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-REx) mission has successfully stowed the spacecraft's Sample Return Capsule (SRC) and its abundant sample of asteroid Bennu.

Flash graphene rocks strategy for plastic waste Posted: 30 Oct 2020 06:22 AM PDT Scientists advance a new technique to make graphene from waste with a focus on plastic.

Carbon-releasing 'zombie fires' in peatlands could be dampened by new findings Posted: 30 Oct 2020 05:15 AM PDT New simulations have provided clues on reducing uncontrolled peat fires, which hide underground and are notoriously bad for human health and the environment.

Evolution of consumption: A psychological ownership framework Posted: 30 Oct 2020 05:15 AM PDT Technological innovations are rapidly changing how we consume goods and services. In many domains, we are trading ownership of private material goods for access to use shared and experiential goods and services. This article outlines how the downstream effects of these consumption changes are channeled through their influence on psychological ownership -- the feeling that a thing is MINE.

High rate of symptomless COVID-19 infection among grocery store workers Posted: 29 Oct 2020 04:11 PM PDT Grocery store employees are likely to be at heightened risk of COVID-19 infection, with those in customer-facing roles 5 times as likely to test positive as their colleagues in other positions, a new study suggests.

Myocarditis linked to COVID-19 not as common as believed, study shows Posted: 29 Oct 2020 02:16 PM PDT A new study suggests myocarditis caused by COVID-19 may be a relatively rare occurrence.

Models show how COVID-19 cuts a neighborhood path Posted: 29 Oct 2020 02:16 PM PDT Researchers have created a new model of how the coronavirus can spread through a community. The model factors in network exposure -- whom one interacts with -- and demographics to simulate at a more detailed level both where and how quickly the coronavirus could spread through Seattle and 18 other major cities.

Water fleas on 'happy pills' have more offspring Posted: 29 Oct 2020 11:20 AM PDT Dopamine can trigger feelings of happiness in humans. Water fleas that are exposed to dopamine-regulating substances apparently gain several advantages.

Face mask aims to deactivate virus to protect others Posted: 29 Oct 2020 11:20 AM PDT Researchers have developed a face mask with an embedded antiviral layer that sanitizes the wearer's respiratory droplets to make them less infectious to others.

Is the COVID-19 pandemic affecting dengue virus case numbers? Posted: 29 Oct 2020 11:20 AM PDT The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in dramatic changes to human mobility, which has the potential to change the transmission dynamics of other infectious diseases. Now, researchers have found that social distancing has led to a significant increase in dengue infections in Thailand but no change in dengue in Singapore or Malaysia.

Early results from DETECT study suggest fitness trackers can predict COVID-19 infections Posted: 29 Oct 2020 11:19 AM PDT Examining data from the first six weeks of their landmark DETECT study, scientists see encouraging signs that wearable fitness devices can improve public health efforts to control COVID-19.

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