ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

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• The hawk has landed: Braking mid-air to prioritize safety over energy or speed
• Signaling molecule potently stimulates hair growth
• Scientists engineer synthetic DNA to study 'architect' genes
• Dissolving implantable device relieves pain without drugs
• Sleep triggered by stress can help mice cope with later anxiety
• Cosmological thinking meets neuroscience in new theory about brain connections
• Optical fiber imaging method advances studies of Alzheimer's disease
• New flood maps clarify the risk homeowners face
• Building explainability into the components of machine-learning models
• How bacteria adhere to cells: Basis for the development of a new class of antibiotics
• Breaking AIs to make them better
• A closer look into the emergence of antibiotic resistance in bioaerosols and its monitoring
• Hidden in caves: Mineral overgrowths reveal 'unprecedented' sea level rise
• Researchers propose widespread banking of stool samples for fecal transplants later in life
• As these bacteria eat, they generate an unusual triangular molecule that can be used to make jet fuel
• Some viruses make you smell tastier to mosquitoes
• How pandas survive solely on bamboo: Evolutionary history
• Activating the indicator and performing a shoulder check -- essential also for zebra finches
• Common gene used to profile microbial communities
• Climate change in oceanwater may impact mangrove dispersal, study finds

The hawk has landed: Braking mid-air to prioritize safety over energy or speed Posted: 30 Jun 2022 11:22 AM PDT New research using computer simulations and Hollywood-style motion capture shows how birds optimize their landing maneuvers for an accurate descent.

Signaling molecule potently stimulates hair growth Posted: 30 Jun 2022 11:22 AM PDT Researchers have discovered that a signaling molecule called SCUBE3 potently stimulates hair growth and may offer a therapeutic treatment for androgenetic alopecia, a common form of hair loss in both women and men.

Scientists engineer synthetic DNA to study 'architect' genes Posted: 30 Jun 2022 11:21 AM PDT Researchers have created artificial Hox genes -- which plan and direct where cells go to develop tissues or organs -- using new synthetic DNA technology and genomic engineering in stem cells. Their findings confirm how clusters of Hox genes help cells to learn and remember where they are in the body.

Dissolving implantable device relieves pain without drugs Posted: 30 Jun 2022 11:21 AM PDT Researchers have developed a small, soft, flexible implant that relieves pain on demand and without the use of drugs. The first-of-its-kind device could provide a much-needed alternative to opioids and other highly addictive medications. It works by softly wrapping around nerves to deliver precise, targeted cooling, which numbs nerves and blocks pain signals to the brain. After the device is no longer needed, it naturally absorbs into the body -- bypassing the need for surgical extraction.

Sleep triggered by stress can help mice cope with later anxiety Posted: 30 Jun 2022 11:21 AM PDT Stress boosts a kind of sleep in mice that subsequently relieves anxiety, according to new research that also pinpoints the mechanism responsible.

Cosmological thinking meets neuroscience in new theory about brain connections Posted: 30 Jun 2022 10:48 AM PDT A collaboration between a former cosmologist and a computational neuroscientist generates a new way to identify essential connections between brain cells.

Optical fiber imaging method advances studies of Alzheimer's disease Posted: 30 Jun 2022 10:48 AM PDT An optical fiber as thin as a strand of hair holds promise for use in minimally invasive deep-tissue studies of patients' brains that show the effects Alzheimer's disease and other brain disorders. The challenge is efficiently increasing image resolution at the subcellular level, because loss of information is inevitable from light scrambling.

New flood maps clarify the risk homeowners face Posted: 30 Jun 2022 10:48 AM PDT Flooding in urban areas cost Americans more than $106 billion between 1960 and 2016, damaging property, disrupting businesses and claiming lives in the process. Now, new research outlines a simplified, cost-effective method for developing flood maps that reflects the uncertainty in flood predictions.

Building explainability into the components of machine-learning models Posted: 30 Jun 2022 10:48 AM PDT Researchers have created a taxonomy and outlined steps that developers can take to design features in machine-learning models that are easier for decision-makers to understand.

How bacteria adhere to cells: Basis for the development of a new class of antibiotics Posted: 30 Jun 2022 08:45 AM PDT Researchers have unraveled how bacteria adhere to host cells and thus taken the first step towards developing a new class of antibiotics.

Breaking AIs to make them better Posted: 30 Jun 2022 08:45 AM PDT Current AIs are very accurate but inflexible at image recognition. Exactly why this is remains a mystery. Researchers have developed a method called 'Raw Zero-Shot' to assess how neural networks handle elements unknown to them. The results have the potential to help researchers identify the common features that make neural networks 'non-robust,' and develop methods to make AIs more reliable.

A closer look into the emergence of antibiotic resistance in bioaerosols and its monitoring Posted: 30 Jun 2022 08:45 AM PDT While there are many studies that discuss antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) in soil and water environments, there is currently very little research that focuses on ARG in aerial environments. In a recent review, researchers have analyzed current research trends regarding ARG in bioaerosols, including their sources, methods of detection, and implications for the future.

Hidden in caves: Mineral overgrowths reveal 'unprecedented' sea level rise Posted: 30 Jun 2022 08:45 AM PDT Through intricate study of cave deposits in Spain, geologists identified a rapid rise in sea level that started during the Industrial Revolution.

Researchers propose widespread banking of stool samples for fecal transplants later in life Posted: 30 Jun 2022 08:45 AM PDT Changes in the way that humans live and eat have resulted in tremendous alterations in the gut microbiome, especially over the past few decades. These changes have been linked to increased rates of asthma, allergies, diseases of the digestive system, type 2 diabetes, and other conditions. Scientists propose that we can combat these trends by having individuals bank samples of their own gut microbiota when they are young and healthy for potential use later in life in an autologous fecal microbiota transplant (FMT).

As these bacteria eat, they generate an unusual triangular molecule that can be used to make jet fuel Posted: 30 Jun 2022 08:45 AM PDT Aircrafts transport people, ship goods, and perform military operations, but the petroleum-based fuels that power them are in short supply. Researchers have found a way to generate an alternative jet fuel by harvesting an unusual carbon molecule produced by the metabolic process of bacteria commonly found in soil.

Some viruses make you smell tastier to mosquitoes Posted: 30 Jun 2022 08:45 AM PDT Zika and dengue fever viruses alter the scent of mice and humans they infect, a team of researchers report. The altered scent attracts mosquitoes, which bite the host, drink their infected blood and then carry the virus to its next victim.

How pandas survive solely on bamboo: Evolutionary history Posted: 30 Jun 2022 08:44 AM PDT An ancient fossil reveals the earliest panda to survive solely on bamboo and the evolutionary history of panda's false thumbs.

Activating the indicator and performing a shoulder check -- essential also for zebra finches Posted: 30 Jun 2022 08:44 AM PDT Zebra finches communicate via eye contact and calls to coordinate their spatial positions during flocking flight

Common gene used to profile microbial communities Posted: 30 Jun 2022 08:44 AM PDT Computer scientists develop Emu, an algorithm that uses long reads of genomes to identify the species of bacteria in a community. The program could simplify sorting harmful from helpful bacteria in microbiomes like those in the gut or in agriculture and the environment.

Climate change in oceanwater may impact mangrove dispersal, study finds Posted: 30 Jun 2022 08:44 AM PDT Researchers examined 21st century changes in ocean-surface temperature, salinity, and density, across mangrove forests worldwide. Their study suggests that changes in surface-ocean density may impact the dispersal patterns of widely distributed mangroves species, and more likely so in the Indo-West Pacific region, the primary hotspot of mangrove diversity.

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